a logarithm
A logarithm is when you take a number and find out what power it had to be raised to get there. It’s like figuring out the exponent in reverse. It’s used in math, and it’s super confusing.
'What’s the log of 8 with base 2? It’s 3 because 2^3 = 8.'
'Log of 100 with base 10 is 2 because 10^2 = 100.'
'The log of 16 with base 4 is 2 because 4^2 = 16.'